异质材料钎焊连接润湿性改善与调控策略研究进展

Research Progress on Wettability Improvement and Regulation Strategies in Brazing of Dissimilar Materials

中文关键词: 钎焊  润湿角  反应润湿  非反应润湿  润湿性影响因素

英文关键词: brazing  wetting angle  reactive wetting  nonreactive wetting  affecting factors of wettability

中文摘要:

      钎焊具有接头应力小、变形小、可连接异质材料等优点，广泛应用于石油化工、电子封装、能源电力和航空航天等领域。异质材料界面物性差异高、钎焊难度较大，钎料润湿母材是实现钎焊的基础，润湿性问题已成为制约异质材料高可靠连接的关键挑战。本文通过系统的文献调研和分析，详细阐述了润湿本质及其在钎焊中的表征方法。通过对润湿性的影响因素进行分析，总结了改善途径和调控策略，包括改善钎料成分、制定合适的钎焊工艺、改变母材表面的状态等。揭示了提高润湿性的机理，即促进钎料和母材元素之间的溶解和反应，降低界面能。研究结果可用于指导研发新型钎料、制定钎焊工艺，从而提高钎焊接头的质量，为复杂异质材料构件的高精度、高效率、高性能钎焊提供了重要的技术支撑。

英文摘要:

      Brazing is widely used in petrochemical industry, electronic packaging, energy, electric power, aerospace and other fields because of its advantages of low joint stress, small deformation, and the ability to connect dissimilar materials, etc. Brazing dissimilar materials is difficult since the significant physical properties of the interfaces. The wettability of brazing filler metal on base metal is the basis for brazing, and the wettability problem has become a key challenge restricting the high-reliability joining of dissimilar materials. The mechanism of wetting and its characterization in brazing were described in detail through systematic literature investigation and analysis. Through the analysis on the affecting factors of wettability, the improvement methods and regulation strategies were summarized, including perfecting the composition of brazing filler metal, formulating a suitable brazing process, and changing the state of the base metal surface. The mechanism of improving wettability was revealed, including promoting the dissolution and reaction between filler metal and base metal elements, and reducing the interface energy. The research results can be used to guide the research and development of new brazing filler metals and the formulation of brazing processes, so as to improve the quality of brazed joints and provide important technical support for high-precision, high-efficiency and high-performance brazing of complex dissimilar materials.